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Location Second Communist country in the world, also formally known as the People's Republic of Mongolia. Aligned with Russia, Mongolia had a role at the start and end of the Second World War. A border dispute with the Japan occurred in May 1939 in the far eastern portion of Mongolia at Nomohan, east of the Khalkhin Gol river. An undeclared war occurred between the Japanese Army versus Mongolian and Russian forces. Known as "Battle of Khalkhin Gol" or "Nomonhan Incident". At the end of the WWII, a Soviet-Mongolian joint army attacked the Japanese Army in Manchuria (Manchukuo). After the war, Stalin handed Southern Mongolia to China according to the Yalta treaty.
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